ปัญหาการแสดงผลภาษาไทยเป็น ??? หรือ ฟฟฟ ใน Oracle

<span style="color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px;">มีคนถามผมมาก เกี่ยวกับปัญหาการ ข้อมูลของ Oracle ที่เป็นภาษาไทย   แสดงผลออกมาเป็น ??? หรือ ฟฟฟฟ   โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่ง เครื่อง Client  ที่เป็น Windows  ซึ่งปัญหานี้เกิดจาก  Character Set ของ เครื่อง Client  ไม่ตรงกับ Character Set ของ Database  นั่นเอง   เราสามารถตรวจสอบได้ ดังนี้</span><br /> <div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <br /></div> <div class="bold_purpule" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url(http://www.oracleskill.com/templates/beez/images/bg/bg-listarticle1.gif); background-origin: initial; background-repeat: repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #ff7000; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; height: 26px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 3px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 685px;"> ที่ฝั่ง Database</div> <div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> 1. login  Oracle Database เป็น sys หรือ system</div> <div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> 2. ใช้ SQL ตรวจสอบ NLS ดังนี้</div> <pre style="border-bottom-color: rgb(119, 119, 119); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(119, 119, 119); border-left-style: dashed; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(119, 119, 119); border-right-style: dashed; border-right-width: 1px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(119, 119, 119); border-top-style: dashed; border-top-width: 1px; color: #0066ff; font-family: Courier; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 5px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 3px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 630px;">SELECT *  FROM  NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS;</pre> <div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <br /></div> <div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> 3. ดูค่า NLS_CHARACTERSET ต้องเป็น <span class="bold" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">TH8TISASCII</span> จึงจะสามารถจัดเก็บภาษาไทยได้ <img alt="NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS" border="1" height="407" src="http://www.oracleskill.com/oracle-tutorials/images/display-NLS-thai/NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS.gif" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 2px; border-right-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 2px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 2px; border-width: initial; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 20px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-top: 5px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="450" />  </div> <div class="moduletable" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <u><br /></u></div> <div class="moduletable" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <u><br /></u></div> <div class="bold_purpule" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url(http://www.oracleskill.com/templates/beez/images/bg/bg-listarticle1.gif); background-origin: initial; background-repeat: repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #ff7000; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; height: 26px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 3px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 685px;"> ที่ฝั่ง Client (Windows)</div> <div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> 1. ปุ่ม Start--> run --> พิมพ์ regedit แล้วกด OK</div> <div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <img alt="regedit to see Oracle registry" border="1" height="217" src="http://www.oracleskill.com/oracle-tutorials/images/display-NLS-thai/regedit.gif" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 2px; border-right-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 2px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 2px; border-width: initial; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 20px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-top: 5px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="347" /></div> <span style="color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px;"> </span><div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> 2. ไปที่ HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE--> Software --> Oracle --> HOME0</div> <div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> 3. ที่หน้าต่างขวามือ ดูค่า NLS_LANG  ตัวหลังจุดต้องเป็น <span class="bold" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">TH8TISASCII</span> เช่น AMERICAN_AMERICA.TH8TISASCII หรือ THAI_THAILAND.TH8TISASCII</div> <img alt="NLS_LANG registry in windows" border="1" height="271" src="http://www.oracleskill.com/oracle-tutorials/images/display-NLS-thai/oracle-client-registry.gif" style="border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-style: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; color: #666666; font-family: 'Ms Sans Serif', Arial; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="450" />

ปัญหาการแสดงผลภาษาไทยเป็น ??? หรือ ฟฟฟ ใน Oracle

มีคนถามผมมาก เกี่ยวกับปัญหาการ ข้อมูลของ Oracle ที่เป็นภาษาไทย   แสดงผลออกมาเป็น ??? หรือ ฟฟฟฟ   โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่ง เครื่อง Client  ที่เป็น W...

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Short-Cut สำหรับแมค

<br /> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> วันนี้มาแนะนำ Short-Cut สำหรับแมค เอาเท่าที่รู้จักและจำได้ อีกส่วนหนึ่งนำมาจากเว็บ <a href="http://www.freemac.net/" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #743399; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">freemac</a> ที่สิ่งสถิตย์ของสาวกแมค คิดว่ามีประโยชน์มากทีเดียว หากทำงานด้วย short-cut  เมาทส์แทบไม่มีความจำเป็น..มาดูกันเลยดีกว่า</div> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Apple + E</strong> จะหมายถึงการ Eject Disk หรือ thumb drive (แล้วแต่กรณี) แต่จะต้อง highlight หรือเลือกอุปกรณ์นั้น ๆ อยู่ก่อนแล้ว<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Apple + option + F12</strong> จะหมายถึงการสั่งให้เข้าสู่โหมด Sleep<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Apple + (left) Shift + delete</strong> หมายถึงการ Empty trash (จะต้องเลือก OK เพื่อยืนยัน)</div> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Control+eject</strong> เรียกคำสั่ง Restart/Sleep/Shutdown<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command (ปุ่ม apple) + Tab</strong> ใช้เพื่อ Switch Program ครับ เวลาที่ต้องการ hide window ที่ทำงานอยู่ เราจะกดปุ่มสีเหลือง หน้าต่างนั้นก็จะไหลลงไปอยู่ใน Dock<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />กด Shift ไว้ตอนกำลัง start up</strong> สำหรับ OS 9 คือการปิด extension สำหรับ OS X ก็คล้ายๆ กัน แต่เป็น safe mode (สามารถใช้ network ได้) ฮือๆๆ<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">กด C เพื่อ boot จาก CD</strong> ใช้ได้ทั้ง OS 9 และ X<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">กด option สำหรับ OS X</strong> จะมีหน้าต่างเพื่อแสดงการเลือก boot จาก media ต่างๆ เช่น network, iPod, EXT HD, Flash Drive (สำหรับ OS 9 จะเลือก OS ที่ใหม่ที่สุดเอง คุณยังสามารถเลือกได้จาก start up disk ที่ control panel ได้)</div> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + alt + p + r</strong> ขณะเปิดเครื่อง ยังใช้สำหรับเคลียร์ PRAM ได้เหมือนเดิม<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + v</strong> ขณะเปิดเครื่อง จะแสดง console<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + S</strong> ขณะเปิดเครื่อง จะเข้า single user mode<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + shift + H</strong> ใช้เปิด Home<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + shift + D</strong> ใช้เปิด Desktop</div> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + q</strong> ใช้ปิดโปรแกรม<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + w</strong> ใช้ปิดหน้าต่างหน้่าบนสุดของโปรแกรมที่ใช้อยู่<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Option + Command + w</strong> ใช้ปิดหน้าต่างทุกหน้าต่างของโปรแกรมที่ใช้อยู่<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + m ใช้ minimize</strong> หน้าต่างนั้น<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Option + Command + m</strong> ใช้ minimize หน้าต่างทั้งหมด<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + i</strong> ใช้ดู info ของไฟล์หรือโฟลเดอร์ที่เลือก<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + c</strong> copy<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + x</strong> cut<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + v</strong> paste<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + n</strong> ใช้เปิดหน้าต่างใหม่ของโปรแกรมที่ใช้อยู่<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + o</strong> ใช้เปิดไฟล์จากโปรแกรมที่ใช้อยู่<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + s </strong>ใช้ save ครับ<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Shift + Command + s</strong> ใช้ save as</div> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ถ้าใช้ Finder อยู่<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + 1</strong> ดูไฟล์ในหน้าต่าง Finder นั้นแบบ icons<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + 2</strong> ดูไฟล์ในหน้าต่าง Finder นั้นแบบ lists<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + 3</strong> ดูไฟล์ในหน้าต่าง Finder นั้นแบบ columns</div> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Control + Command + Eject</strong> = Restart<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Control + Option + Command + Eject</strong> = Shut Down</div> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command+ [</strong><br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command+ ]</strong> สำหรับ ย้อนหน้า-หลัง path file or folder<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + (+)</strong> zoom in<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + (-)</strong> zoom out</div> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Option + Command + Shift + Delete</strong> เพื่อ Empty Trash โดยไม่ถามว่าจะ Yes หรือ No</div> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command+Escape</strong> = open front row<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + H</strong> = Hide application</div> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Command + ลูกศรขึ้น/ลง</strong> = เลื่อนเว็บเพจหรือหน้าไฟล์ PDF ขึ้นสุด/ลงสุด<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Option + ลูกศรขึ้น/ลง</strong> = เลื่อนเว็บเพจหรือหน้าไฟล์ PDF ขึ้น/ลง ทีละเฟรมที่จอแสดงได้</div> <h6 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Screen capture</h6> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Cmd + Shift + 3</strong> = Capture the screen to a file<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Cmd + Ctrl + Shift+ 3</strong> = Capture the screen to the clipboard<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Cmd + Shift + 4</strong> = Select an area to be captured to a file<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Cmd + Ctrl +  Shift + 4</strong> = Select an area to be captured to the clipboard<br /><strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Cmd + Shift+  4, then press Space</strong> = Capture entire window</div> <h6 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Menu Commands</h6> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Shift-Cmd-Q = Log out<br />Shift-Opt-Cmd-Q = Log out immediately<br />Shift-Cmd-Delete = Empty Trash<br />Opt-Shift-Cmd-Delete = Empty Trash without dialog<br />Cmd-H = Hide window<br />Opt-Cmd-H = Hide Others<br />Cmd-N = File New window<br />Shift-Cmd-N = New Folder<br />Cmd-O = Open<br />Cmd-S = Save<br />Shift-Cmd-S = Save as<br />Cmd-P = Print<br />Cmd-W = Close Window<br />Opt-Cmd-W = Close all Windows<br />Cmd-I = Get Info<br />Opt-Cmd-I = Show Attributes Inspector<br />Cmd-D = Duplicate<br />Cmd-L = Make Alias<br />Cmd-R = Show original<br />Cmd-T = Add to Favorites<br />Cmd-Delete = Move to Trash<br />Cmd-E = Eject<br />Cmd-F = Find<br />Cmd-Z = Undo<br />Cmd-B = Hide Toolbar<br />Cmd-J = Show View Opts<br />Cmd = [ = Go Back<br />Cmd = ] = Go Forward<br />Shift-Cmd-C = Go to Computer<br />Shift-Cmd-H = Go to your Home folder<br />Shift-Cmd-I = Go to iDisk<br />Shift-Cmd-A = Go to Applications folder<br />Shift-Cmd-G = Go to Go-To Folder<br />Cmd-K = Connect to Server<br />Cmd-M = Minimize Window<br />Cmd-? = Open Mac Help<br />Cmd-Space = Open Spotlight (OS X 10.4)</div> <h6 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Finder Navigation</h6> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Cmd-N = New Finder window<br />Cmd-W = Close Window<br />Opt-Cmd-W = Close all Windows<br />Cmd-Down = Open File/Folder<br />Cmd-Up = Navigate to parent<br />Cmd-Right = Expand folder (in list view)<br />Cmd-Left = Collapse Folder (in list view)<br />Opt-Cmd-Right = Expand folder and its subfolders (in list view)<br />Opt-Cmd-Up = Open parent folder an<br />d close current window<br />Cmd-Shift-H = Jump to your Home folder<br />Cmd-Shift-A = Jump to your Applications folder<br />Cmd-Shift U = Jump to your Utilities folder<br />Cmd-Shift K = Jump to the Network browser<br />Cmd-Shift G = Goto Folder…<br />Cmd-1 = View as Icons<br />Cmd-2 = View as List<br />Cmd-3 = View as Columns<br />Cmd-Space = Open Spotlight (OS X 10.4)<br />Cmd-Delete = Move file/folder to trash<br />Cmd-Click window title = Display the file path</div> <h6 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Expose</h6> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> F9 = Show all open windows on the screen at once<br />F10 = Show all windows for the current application.<br />F11 = Shows Desktop<br />F12 = Activates Dashboard<br />F12 (hold) = ejects disk</div> <h6 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Miscellaneous</h6> <div style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 22px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Opt-Cmd-D = Show/Hide Dock<br />Ctrl-Up = Move up one page<br />Ctrl-Down = Move down one page<br />Opt-Drag = Copy to new location<br />Opt-Cmd-Drag = Make alias in new location<br />Cmd-Drag = Move to new location without copying<br />Opt-Cmd-Eject = Sleep<br />Cmd-click window toolbar button (upper right corner) = Cycle through toolbar views<br />Ctrl-Cmd-D and mouse over word in Cocoa applications = shows Dictionary description for that word</div>

Short-Cut สำหรับแมค

วันนี้มาแนะนำ Short-Cut สำหรับแมค เอาเท่าที่รู้จักและจำได้ อีกส่วนหนึ่งนำมาจากเว็บ  freemac  ที่สิ่งสถิตย์ของสาวกแมค คิดว่ามีประโยชน์มากที...

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error is: 0x80041315: The Task Scheduler Service is not running.

<span style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">Task Scheduler</span><br style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">The new task has been created, but may not run because the account information could not be set.  The specific error is: 0x80041315: The Task Scheduler Service is not running.</span><br /> <span style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;"><br /></span><br /> <span style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;"><br /></span><br /> <span style="font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 17px;"><br /></span></span><br /> <span style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">1.    Right-click My Computer and from the drop down menu click Manage.</span><br style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">2.    From the Services and Applications menu, click Services.</span><br style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">3.    From the right scroll down menu, double-click Task Scheduler.</span><br style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">4.    Click the Log On tab, select the Local System Account and Allow Service to Interact with Desktop options, and then click Apply.</span><br style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;" /><span style="background-color: #b5b5ff; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">5.    Click the General tab, click Start.</span>

error is: 0x80041315: The Task Scheduler Service is not running.

Task Scheduler The new task has been created, but may not run because the account information could not be set.  The specific error is: 0x80...

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วิธีตั้งค่า XAMPP สำหรับนำไปใช้เป็น webserver

<br /> <h2 style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> Setting up XAMPP: General Notes</h2> <div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> Setting up <a href="http://www.apachefriends.org/" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">XAMPP</a> is not terribly difficult or time-consuming. It lets you test your website at a special URL, <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://localhost/</code>, that makes it possible to use root-relative paths, run PHP scripts, and do other kinds of things your live website will do.</div> <div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> Windows instructions immediately follow; Mac users can <a href="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/resources/xampp/#xampp-osx" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">jump right to the OS X instructions.</a></div> <a href="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/resources/xampp/#xampp-osx" style="background-color: #eeeeee; color: #004477; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; text-decoration: none;"></a><br /> <h3 id="xampp-windows" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #222222; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: white; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"> <a href="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/resources/xampp/#xampp-osx" style="background-color: #eeeeee; color: #004477; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; text-decoration: none;"> XAMPP Setup: Windows</a></h3> <a href="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/resources/xampp/#xampp-osx" style="background-color: #eeeeee; color: #004477; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; text-decoration: none;"> </a><br /> <div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> <a href="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/resources/xampp/#xampp-osx" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">These steps have been tested with XAMPP version 1.7.4 on a USB drive on Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7. Please </a><a href="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/contact/" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">contact the author</a> if you run into any problems so that these instructions can be improved, if necessary.</div> <span style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif;"></span><br /> <ol style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Download either the ZIP or the 7zip archive of XAMPP for Windows <a href="http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-windows.html#641" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">from the XAMPP site</a>; <strong style="font-style: inherit;">do not download the installer</strong>. The 7zip archive is smaller, so it downloads faster; but it may take longer to unzip, up to 10 or 15 minutes, depending on the speed of your computer.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Unzip the ZIP or 7zip archive; if you don’t have an unzipping utility, try <a href="http://www.7-zip.org/" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">7-Zip</a>.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Copy the unzipped <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">xampp</code> folder to the root of your USB drive (in other words, don’t place it inside of another folder). If your unzipping program has created a folder that has <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">xampp</code> inside of it (e.g., some unzipping programs will create a folder like <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">xampp-win32-1.7.4-VC6/</code>), move just the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">xampp</code>folder to the root of your drive. Depending on the speed of your USB drive, that, too, make take a little while, too (15 or 20 minutes).<div class="screenshot" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #004e98; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 0em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"> <img alt="Screenshot showing xampp folder in the root of a USB drive" height="300" src="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/media/img/xampp-folder.png" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: block;" width="400" /><br /> <div style="color: white; font-size: small; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 0em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; width: 400px;"> Windows XP screenshot of the <code style="color: #00dd00; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">xampp</code> folder in its proper place: in the root of a USB drive (in this case, the USB drive’s letter is F:).</div> </div> </li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Load XAMPP by double-clicking on the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">xampp</code> folder and finding and then double-clicking the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">xampp-control.exe</code> file. (If you don’t see the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">.exe</code> extension, the file will still work—but you should Google for <em>show file extensions</em> and the name of your operating system (Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP; see pages 45-47 in the book).</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Start the Apache web server by clicking the Start button on the XAMPP Control Panel. Windows Vista and Windows 7 users may get a warning about Windows Firewall; click Cancel on any firewall warning windows that pop up.<div class="screenshot" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #004e98; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 0em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"> <img alt="Screenshot showing the XAMPP control panel and Apache running" height="352" src="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/media/img/xampp-control-panel.png" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: block;" width="446" /><br /> <div style="color: white; font-size: small; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 0em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; width: 400px;"> Windows XP screenshot of the XAMPP Control Panel with the Apache web server running.</div> </div> </li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Test that XAMPP is running properly by going to the URL <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://localhost/</code> in your browser (type the whole thing, including the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://</code> part; notice there’s no www. or .com). You should see the XAMPP welcome screen if all is working correctly.<div class="screenshot" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #004e98; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 0em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"> <img alt="Screenshot showing the XAMPP splash screen" height="300" src="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/media/img/xampp-splash.png" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: block;" width="400" /><br /> <div style="color: white; font-size: small; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 0em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; width: 400px;"> Windows XP screenshot of the XAMPP splash screen in Firefox.</div> </div> </li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Some users may get an error from XAMPP that states another service is using Port 80 (Skype, for example, is known to use that port.) <strong style="font-style: inherit;">If everything is working for you, skip to the next step</strong>. If you get an error like that, use your text editor (like <a href="http://notepad-plus-plus.org/" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">Notepad++</a>) to open up the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code> file. Go to the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">xampp</code> folder, then into the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">apache</code> folder, and finally into the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">conf</code> folder, where you will find the the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code> file. Locate the line in the file that reads <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Listen 80</code> using the Find function in your text editor. Around line 37, you will find a block of text that looks like:<pre class="term" style="background-color: #f6f6f6; border-bottom-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: auto; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"># # Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or # ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost> # directive. # # Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses. # #Listen 0.0.0.0:80 #Listen [::]:80 Listen 80 </pre> Comment out the line that reads <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Listen 80</code> by putting a hash (<code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">#</code>) in front of it; below that line, write your own line that reads <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Listen 8000</code>. This part of your file will now look like:<pre class="term" style="background-color: #f6f6f6; border-bottom-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: auto; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"># # Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or # ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost> # directive. # # Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses. # #Listen 0.0.0.0:80 #Listen [::]:80 #Listen 80 <strong style="background-color: yellow; font-style: inherit; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">Listen 8000</strong> </pre> Start or stop and start Apache from the XAMPP Control Panel. Point your browser to<code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://localhost:8000/</code>, and you should see the XAMPP welcome screen. Remember to use<code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://localhost:8000/</code> instead of <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://localhost/</code> when you’re developing your site.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">To develop your own site, you’ll want to rename the existing <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">htdocs</code> folder inside of the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">xampp</code> folder to <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">htdocs-original</code>. (You can rename it back if you need, for example, to configure the MySQL database for use with WordPress development.) Then create your own new <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">htdocs</code> folder for your site, or download, unzip, and copy over the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">htdocs</code> folder from the <a href="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/rpk/" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">Rapid Prototyping Kit</a> and get to work on your site. (You might want to stop and restart Apache in the XAMPP Control Panel before you start working.)</li> </ol> <h3 id="xampp-osx" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #222222; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: white; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"> XAMPP Setup: Mac OS X</h3> <div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> Unfortunately, the OS X version of XAMPP will not run on a USB drive; you must have administrative rights on any Mac that you wish to install and run XAMPP on. These instructions have been tested on OS X Leopard and OS X Snow Leopard using XAMPP version 1.7.3. Please <a href="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/contact/" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">contact the author</a> if you run into any problems so that these instructions can be improved, if necessary.</div> <ol style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Download XAMPP for Mac OS X (Universal Binary) <a href="http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-macosx.html#849" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">from the XAMPP site</a>. Double-click the installer, and drag the XAMPP folder to your Applications folder. (You may have to enter your adminstrative username and/or password).</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Find the XAMPP Control application, which will be in an <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">XAMPP</code> folder inside of your <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Applications</code>folder. Double-click the XAMPP Control application to launch.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">A little Control window will pop up; click the Start button next to Apache. You will be prompted to enter your administrative username and/or password.<div class="screenshot" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #004e98; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 0em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"> <img alt="Screenshot Mac OS X XAMPP Control window" height="138" src="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/media/img/xampp-control-mac.png" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: block;" width="205" /><br /> <div style="color: white; font-size: small; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 0em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; width: 400px;"> Mac OS X screenshot of the XAMPP Control window, with Apache running.</div> </div> </li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Open your browser to <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://localhost/</code>; you should see the XAMPP splash page. If you are getting an error about another service using Port 80, see <a href="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/resources/xampp/#xampp-mac-error" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">the end of this document</a>.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Now things get a little complex. The <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Applications</code> folder on a Mac is a restricted area of sorts, so it’s important to configure XAMPP to read from an <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">htdocs</code> folder than you can write to from your user account easily.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Go to your home folder in a Finder window; Look for the little house icon with your username next to it, and click on it.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">In the Finder window, create a new <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">htdocs</code> folder (File > New Folder from the Finder menu). Or, download and unzip the <a href="http://sustainablewebdesign.com/book/rpk/" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">Rapid Prototyping Kit</a> (RPK) and copy its <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">htdocs</code> folder to your home folder.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">In your favorite text editor (like <a href="http://www.barebones.com/products/textwrangler/" style="color: #004477; text-decoration: none;">TextWrangler</a>), create a new text file and put a little line of text in it, like:<pre style="background-color: #f6f6f6; border-bottom-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: auto; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;">Hello there! This is just to test XAMPP.</pre> Save the file as <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">hello.txt</code>, inside of the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">htdocs</code> folder you created or moved over from the RPK. The <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">hello.txt</code> will be for testing your new XAMPP configuration.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Now use your text editor to open the XAMPP <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code> file. This contains the Apache Web server configuration that XAMPP uses. Go to the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Applications</code> folder, then <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">XAMPP</code>, then <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">etc</code>; you'll see<code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code> listed there. Open it.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Once you’ve opened the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code> file, you should immediately make a copy of it, just in case you make a mistake. Choose File > Save As... in your editor, and save the file as <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf.original</code>. You will probably be prompted for your administrative username and password.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Then, choose File > Save As... <em>again</em> and save as <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code>, so that you’re back to editing the<code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code> that XAMPP reads (and not the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf.original</code> file that you can use in an emergency).</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Now to edit the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code> file. Use the Find function in TextWrangler (Search > Find...) and search for the text <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">DocumentRoot</code> (one word, no space). TextWrangler should take you to around line 174 of the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code> file, where you will see:<pre class="term" style="background-color: #f6f6f6; border-bottom-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: auto; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"># # DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your # documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but # symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. # DocumentRoot "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs" #</pre> </li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Comment out the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">DocumentRoot</code> line that’s there by putting a hash (<code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">#</code>) in front of it. Then, on the line below the one you comment out, write a new DocumentRoot line, replacing <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">yourusername</code> as in the example below with your real username on your Mac. The DocumentRoot part of your file should now look like this:<pre class="term" style="background-color: #f6f6f6; border-bottom-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: auto; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"># DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your # documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but # symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. # # DocumentRoot "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs" DocumentRoot "/Users/<strong style="background-color: yellow; font-style: inherit; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">yourusername</strong>/htdocs" #</pre> </li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Next, scroll down a little further (about 30 lines) in the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code>, where you will see:<pre class="term" style="background-color: #f6f6f6; border-bottom-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: auto; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"># # This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to. # <Directory "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs"> # # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", # or any combination of: # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews # # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" # doesn't give it to you. # </pre> </li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">As you did with the DocumentRoot line, you’ll comment out the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><Directory ...</code> line by inserting a hash (<code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">#</code>) in front of it. Start a new line below it, following the pattern of the line you commented out, and write the same path you did in the DocumentRoot line above. This part of your file should now look like:<pre class="term" style="background-color: #f6f6f6; border-bottom-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: auto; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"># # This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to. # # <Directory "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs"> <Directory "/Users/<strong style="background-color: yellow; font-style: inherit; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">yourusername</strong>/htdocs"> # # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", # or any combination of: # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews # # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" # doesn't give it to you. # </pre> </li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Save the file as <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code>; you might have to enter your administrative username and password again.</li> <li style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Now the moment of truth: if you left XAMPP running, stop and then start it again from the XAMPP Control window. Point your browser to <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://localhost/hello.txt</code>, the text file you created; you should see your simple “Hello there! This is just to test XAMPP.” message. If you do, go ahead and delete the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">hello.txt</code> file. You are now ready to start building your site, and testing it on a local web server.</li> </ol> <div id="xampp-mac-error" style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> Some users may get an error from XAMPP that states another service is using Port 80 (Skype, for example, is known to use that port.) If you get an error like that, open up the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">httpd.conf</code> file, and search for <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Listen 80</code> using the find function. Around line 30, you will find a block of text that looks like:</div> <pre class="term" style="background-color: #f6f6f6; border-bottom-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: auto; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"># # Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or # ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost> # directive. # # Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses. # #Listen 12.34.56.78:80 Listen 80 </pre> <div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> Comment out the line that reads <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Listen 80</code> by putting a hash (<code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">#</code>) in front of it; below that line, write your own line that reads <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Listen 8000</code>. This part of your file will now look like:</div> <pre class="term" style="background-color: #f6f6f6; border-bottom-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: auto; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 10px;"># # Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or # ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost> # directive. # # Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses. # #Listen 12.34.56.78:80 #Listen 80 <strong style="background-color: yellow; font-style: inherit; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">Listen 8000</strong> </pre> <div style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, Roman, serif; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> Start or stop and start XAMPP from its little Control window. Point your browser to<code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://localhost:8000/hello.txt</code>, and you should see your see your simple “Hello there! This is just to test XAMPP.” message. If you do, go ahead and delete the <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">hello.txt</code> file. Remember to use<code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://localhost:8000/</code> instead of <code style="color: #009900; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">http://localhost/</code> when you’re developing your site.</div>

วิธีตั้งค่า XAMPP สำหรับนำไปใช้เป็น webserver

Setting up XAMPP: General Notes Setting up  XAMPP  is not terribly difficult or time-consuming. It lets you test your website at a spec...

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